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The aim of this article is to present the relationship between an industrial city and a small river within the last 200 years and the contemporary development and functions of rivers and valleys. The study was conducted in Łódź (currently nearly 699,000 inhabitants). In the 19th and in the early 20th century, the spatial development of the city also caused considerable transformations of rivers and...
Small towns are understood here as settlements with municipal rights having up to 20,000 inhabitants. In Łódź Voivodeship (a unit of Poland’s administrative division) there are 28 such settlements inhabited by almost 210,000 people. The aim of the study is to analyse the potential of the heritage of national minorities in the towns of Łódź Voivodeship. The town of Brzeziny was selected for the study...
This article presents the location of Łódź in the transport network of Poland and the Łódź region. It focuses on the centre’s location in reference to the main elements of road, rail and air networks on a national and regional scale. Due to physical and geographical location of Łódź, the three branches of transport exhaust the city’s transport possibilities. Besides that, transport relations of Łódź...
This paper presents the outcomes of research on the quality of public space of town center, led in chosen medium-sized towns of Łódź region, using the authors’ method of assessment. Method consists of three elements: graphic valorisation, checklist valorisation and surveys, each of them giving numerical results, which enables comparison of the quality of public space in different aspects. The final...
At the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, an instant termination of economic relations that had existed for dozens of years took place in Georgia. Along with the armed conflicts in the regions of Tskhinvali and Abkhazia it has led to a full-fledged socio-economic and political crisis in Georgia. These unordinary events have had a great influence on the demographic...
The aim of the article is to assess the present level of land development of flood risk areas in selected communes of the Łódź province in the context of potential negative consequences for people, the natural environment, cultural heritage and economic operations. The research includes urban as well as urban and rural communes (9 communes in total) of the Łódź province which display high and very...
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